completely different in othe
2015年1月9日and the Power of Touch
In the early 1980s, two pediatricians in Bogota, Colombia, made waves around the world for wholesale jerseys a new method of caring for premature babies. The method, called Kangaroo Care, was so named because of how it resembles marsupial caregiving: A mother snuggles her baby, upright, against her bare chest for long periods of time.
The doctors developed the program in 1979 at the Instituto Materno Infantil at San Juan de Dios Hospital in Bogota. This large maternity hospital was overcrowded and understaffed and underfunded: In the special baby care unit, several babies would often share the same incubator. Infection rates were sky high, as were abandonment rates and death rates.
To improve this dire situation, doctors Edgar Rey and Hector Martinez launched a program to get babies out of the hospital and its germs as soon as they were physically stable, even if they were still very small. They advised mothers to keep their baby on their chest for warmth, and to exclusively breast feed.
Rey and Martinez reported mortality rates of the 539 babies who went through this home care between 1979 and 1981. The smallest babies those weighing between 501 and 1,000 grams showed 72 percent survival rates, compared with 0 percent survival with the hospital conventional care. Nearly 90 percent of babies between 1,001 and 1,500 grams survived at home, compared with 27 percent in the hospital. And the number of babies abandoned dropped by two thirds.
These results never appeared in a medical journal, and they are somewhat inflated because they didn include deaths of babies who died in the first few days of life. Nevertheless, this very appealing idea that a mother touch could save her child life made headlines all over the world, and UNICEF endorsed the program whole heartedly.
People in developed countries were eager to try the new method, too, even though they didn have any of the problems of a strapped hospital in Colombia. Many doctors were skeptical that Kangarooing would provide much benefit in rich countries, beyond making moms and dads feel better about the experience. In 2011, the prestigious Cochrane Collaboration published a comprehensive review of all of the major studies to date, and seemed to confirm what Rey and Martinez had originally claimed: In resource limited settings, Kangaroo Care significantly lowers the risk of infection, hypothermia, and death. It also increases a baby weight and head circumference, and the strength of the maternal bond. It unclear, though, whether the method positive effects last through a baby adolescence, nor whether it offers much for premature babies in developed countries.
I write this protracted introduction as a caveat to two new papers reporting that, in Colombia and Israel, respectively, the positive effects of Kangaroo Care can last for more than a decade after a baby birth. The studies are fascinating to me because they suggesting that a mother touch can exert a powerful influence on her child brain development (wow! how?). But it also possible, given the spotty data, that the positive effects aren coming from her touch, per se. So, with caveat said, on to the new studies.
The first was done by a group of Colombian and Canadian researchers who have been advocating for Kangaroo Care since the beginning. They measured brain activity of 48 teenagers in Colombia: 39 born very prematurely and 9 born at term. Of the premature group, 21 had received Kangaroo Care and 18 had received standard hospital care.
The researchers used transcranial magnetic stimulation,or TMS, in which researchers place a wand on the participant head. The wand contains a magnetic coil, which produces an electromagnetic pulse that passes through the person’s skull and tickles the neurons underneath. The neurons respond to that pulse, and the researchers then measure that neuronal response via EEG electrodes placed all over the scalp. In contrast, the kids born prematurely who had had standard hospital care showed a slower synchronization of brain activity.
The second study, based at a hospital in Israel, also looked at adolescents who had been born too early: 73 who had received Kangaroo Care and 73 who had been given standard incubator care. Aspublished last week in Biological Psychiatry, the researchers found that by 10 years old, the Kangaroo babies had better responses to stress, more regular sleeping patterns, and scored higher on tests of cognitive development compared with the kids who had received standard preemie treatment.
If we assume (and, again, see caveat above) that these benefits are the direct result of skin to skin contact between a baby and her mother, then what could explain that?
Nobody knows for sure, but scientists have learned a lot by studying the interactions between baby rodents and their mothers. For example, early physical contact with mom affects the expression of genes related to stress hormones and social behavior in the baby animal brain. Conversely, depriving an infant rodent (or infant human, for that matter) of its mother leads to all sorts of behavioral and medical problems for the rest of the animal life.
These studies of mother baby interactions and the descriptions of these studies in the popular press tend to focus on these chemical mechanisms of how a mother touch and attention help her baby thrive. (There this thing called oxytocin What sometimes gets overlooked, though, is that this is not a one way phenomenon. As a mother touches and influences her baby, so too does the baby touch and influence her mother. It the constant, back and forth interaction that creates the bond, and the bond that keeps a mother invested in her child success for many years to come.
Of course there is a bond between mother and child which begins as soon as the mother holds the child. The one thing missing in this study is: Would a bond occur between a child and a woman who was not the childs mother. Science is behind the times, for there is a bond not only between mother and child, but between all humans although it is not as intensive as a mother child bond, as well as all life forms. The saying the flutter of a butterflies wings affects the entire universe is not just a saying, it refers to the fact that the Universe is ONE, not a hodge podge of galaxies and planets. There is a drawn between the mind of all life forms and the MIND of the universe. Necessary because the life forms could not absorbe, but would like a 12 volt bulb plugged into 200 volt line blow out. Telepathy is NOT someone sending out a message to someone else, rather it is a intensifying of the bond relationship between the two. Lets think of it as a meld Predjudice against investigatging such phenomena is holding the human race back. Ever experience the phenomena of for certainty that someone you know has just died, or is going to call on the phone? Oh ye of little faith!
I second Anarcissie been holding them back!
And to answer El Gabilons initial question before the tangent, as to whether a bond would occur between infant and woman if the woman was not the biological mother the answer is, BUT!
Yes, a bond would ver likely occur, however, the bond between a mother and her child does not begin the moment the mother holds her child, as you stated, the bond actually begins while baby is in the womb! The baby knows it mothers voice, her smell, the way she moves a result, if the baby is abandoned at birth or loses its mother, the infant will grieve that loss. So if another woman steps in to provided the form or nurturing, the baby will initially reflect this stand in as a result of the grief the infant is going through. The infant will literally avoid eye contact with the new mother as well as do everything within its power to physically separate from the mother. As a result, the production of the oxytocin by the mother will be reduced (compared to the oxytocin output of a biological mother. However, when the non biological women who is providing kangaroo care for the infant continues to talk, caress, smile at and push through the initial rejection by the infant, the infant will eventually come around and a and guarded bond will begin. Once this occurs, the levels of oxytocin omitted by the women will increase, resulting in an increase of trust and willingness to bond to the woman.
The bottom line is this; Affective Attunement! When the infant is in the incubator, it not getting a whole lot if attention! When it attached to a women, the moment the infant has a need, it hungry, gassy, dirty diaper, it cries (asking for its need to be met).
I am doing my Bat Mitzvah in 2016 and some large paintings on optimum infant care such as natural childbirth, Kangaroo Mother Care, breast feeding, etc. I have done many years of primal regression therapy in which I experienced my infancy. In every stage of my infancy my needs were grossly neglected: the womb experience, which was a toxic soup, my birth, which was brutal and abusive, my entrance into the world, which was cold and rejecting, and from birth to five months I was abandoned and starved (my mother had severe postpartum depression). That is why I am highly motivated to promote this cause. Fortunately, for me, I have done a lot of healing using Primal Therapy. I want to be part of the revolution to make optimum infant care the standard all over the world.
I was born in 1984 in Bogota Colombia at only 5.5 months and with less than 1.5kg. My mom as a nurse from the Materno Infantil had been deeply involved in this method and had no doubts that it would work and I would survive. After I was able to breathe by myself she took me home and with the assistance of the program my mom and dad kept me on their chest at all time.
I have no doubt that it worked and that my chances of life would have been completely different in other circumstances. Trying not to sound a s s I was always a bright and independent kid, getting the best marks at every place I went and holding up my University degree at 19 years old (something odd in my family).
I cannot tell from a scientific point of view whether this works, but from my experience it totally did.
Yet, 30 years later, there is no better comfort than my mom hugs!
for cheap nfl jerseys Gray Matters, my weekly email newsletter
Although fairly lax about approving comments, I don’t have much patience for profanity and/or incoherence and/or spam.
Follow me on TwitterMy TweetsVirginia ElsewhereUprooted, a longform narrative published in MATTER, investigates the rapidly growing industry of genetic genealogy. Deep down, everybody wants to know who they are and where they came from. But what happens if you discover that everything you thought was true was, in fact, a lie?
In the early 1980s, two pediatricians in Bogota, Colombia, made waves around the world for wholesale jerseys a new method of caring for premature babies. The method, called Kangaroo Care, was so named because of how it resembles marsupial caregiving: A mother snuggles her baby, upright, against her bare chest for long periods of time.
The doctors developed the program in 1979 at the Instituto Materno Infantil at San Juan de Dios Hospital in Bogota. This large maternity hospital was overcrowded and understaffed and underfunded: In the special baby care unit, several babies would often share the same incubator. Infection rates were sky high, as were abandonment rates and death rates.
To improve this dire situation, doctors Edgar Rey and Hector Martinez launched a program to get babies out of the hospital and its germs as soon as they were physically stable, even if they were still very small. They advised mothers to keep their baby on their chest for warmth, and to exclusively breast feed.
Rey and Martinez reported mortality rates of the 539 babies who went through this home care between 1979 and 1981. The smallest babies those weighing between 501 and 1,000 grams showed 72 percent survival rates, compared with 0 percent survival with the hospital conventional care. Nearly 90 percent of babies between 1,001 and 1,500 grams survived at home, compared with 27 percent in the hospital. And the number of babies abandoned dropped by two thirds.
These results never appeared in a medical journal, and they are somewhat inflated because they didn include deaths of babies who died in the first few days of life. Nevertheless, this very appealing idea that a mother touch could save her child life made headlines all over the world, and UNICEF endorsed the program whole heartedly.
People in developed countries were eager to try the new method, too, even though they didn have any of the problems of a strapped hospital in Colombia. Many doctors were skeptical that Kangarooing would provide much benefit in rich countries, beyond making moms and dads feel better about the experience. In 2011, the prestigious Cochrane Collaboration published a comprehensive review of all of the major studies to date, and seemed to confirm what Rey and Martinez had originally claimed: In resource limited settings, Kangaroo Care significantly lowers the risk of infection, hypothermia, and death. It also increases a baby weight and head circumference, and the strength of the maternal bond. It unclear, though, whether the method positive effects last through a baby adolescence, nor whether it offers much for premature babies in developed countries.
I write this protracted introduction as a caveat to two new papers reporting that, in Colombia and Israel, respectively, the positive effects of Kangaroo Care can last for more than a decade after a baby birth. The studies are fascinating to me because they suggesting that a mother touch can exert a powerful influence on her child brain development (wow! how?). But it also possible, given the spotty data, that the positive effects aren coming from her touch, per se. So, with caveat said, on to the new studies.
The first was done by a group of Colombian and Canadian researchers who have been advocating for Kangaroo Care since the beginning. They measured brain activity of 48 teenagers in Colombia: 39 born very prematurely and 9 born at term. Of the premature group, 21 had received Kangaroo Care and 18 had received standard hospital care.
The researchers used transcranial magnetic stimulation,or TMS, in which researchers place a wand on the participant head. The wand contains a magnetic coil, which produces an electromagnetic pulse that passes through the person’s skull and tickles the neurons underneath. The neurons respond to that pulse, and the researchers then measure that neuronal response via EEG electrodes placed all over the scalp. In contrast, the kids born prematurely who had had standard hospital care showed a slower synchronization of brain activity.
The second study, based at a hospital in Israel, also looked at adolescents who had been born too early: 73 who had received Kangaroo Care and 73 who had been given standard incubator care. Aspublished last week in Biological Psychiatry, the researchers found that by 10 years old, the Kangaroo babies had better responses to stress, more regular sleeping patterns, and scored higher on tests of cognitive development compared with the kids who had received standard preemie treatment.
If we assume (and, again, see caveat above) that these benefits are the direct result of skin to skin contact between a baby and her mother, then what could explain that?
Nobody knows for sure, but scientists have learned a lot by studying the interactions between baby rodents and their mothers. For example, early physical contact with mom affects the expression of genes related to stress hormones and social behavior in the baby animal brain. Conversely, depriving an infant rodent (or infant human, for that matter) of its mother leads to all sorts of behavioral and medical problems for the rest of the animal life.
These studies of mother baby interactions and the descriptions of these studies in the popular press tend to focus on these chemical mechanisms of how a mother touch and attention help her baby thrive. (There this thing called oxytocin What sometimes gets overlooked, though, is that this is not a one way phenomenon. As a mother touches and influences her baby, so too does the baby touch and influence her mother. It the constant, back and forth interaction that creates the bond, and the bond that keeps a mother invested in her child success for many years to come.
Of course there is a bond between mother and child which begins as soon as the mother holds the child. The one thing missing in this study is: Would a bond occur between a child and a woman who was not the childs mother. Science is behind the times, for there is a bond not only between mother and child, but between all humans although it is not as intensive as a mother child bond, as well as all life forms. The saying the flutter of a butterflies wings affects the entire universe is not just a saying, it refers to the fact that the Universe is ONE, not a hodge podge of galaxies and planets. There is a drawn between the mind of all life forms and the MIND of the universe. Necessary because the life forms could not absorbe, but would like a 12 volt bulb plugged into 200 volt line blow out. Telepathy is NOT someone sending out a message to someone else, rather it is a intensifying of the bond relationship between the two. Lets think of it as a meld Predjudice against investigatging such phenomena is holding the human race back. Ever experience the phenomena of for certainty that someone you know has just died, or is going to call on the phone? Oh ye of little faith!
I second Anarcissie been holding them back!
And to answer El Gabilons initial question before the tangent, as to whether a bond would occur between infant and woman if the woman was not the biological mother the answer is, BUT!
Yes, a bond would ver likely occur, however, the bond between a mother and her child does not begin the moment the mother holds her child, as you stated, the bond actually begins while baby is in the womb! The baby knows it mothers voice, her smell, the way she moves a result, if the baby is abandoned at birth or loses its mother, the infant will grieve that loss. So if another woman steps in to provided the form or nurturing, the baby will initially reflect this stand in as a result of the grief the infant is going through. The infant will literally avoid eye contact with the new mother as well as do everything within its power to physically separate from the mother. As a result, the production of the oxytocin by the mother will be reduced (compared to the oxytocin output of a biological mother. However, when the non biological women who is providing kangaroo care for the infant continues to talk, caress, smile at and push through the initial rejection by the infant, the infant will eventually come around and a and guarded bond will begin. Once this occurs, the levels of oxytocin omitted by the women will increase, resulting in an increase of trust and willingness to bond to the woman.
The bottom line is this; Affective Attunement! When the infant is in the incubator, it not getting a whole lot if attention! When it attached to a women, the moment the infant has a need, it hungry, gassy, dirty diaper, it cries (asking for its need to be met).
I am doing my Bat Mitzvah in 2016 and some large paintings on optimum infant care such as natural childbirth, Kangaroo Mother Care, breast feeding, etc. I have done many years of primal regression therapy in which I experienced my infancy. In every stage of my infancy my needs were grossly neglected: the womb experience, which was a toxic soup, my birth, which was brutal and abusive, my entrance into the world, which was cold and rejecting, and from birth to five months I was abandoned and starved (my mother had severe postpartum depression). That is why I am highly motivated to promote this cause. Fortunately, for me, I have done a lot of healing using Primal Therapy. I want to be part of the revolution to make optimum infant care the standard all over the world.
I was born in 1984 in Bogota Colombia at only 5.5 months and with less than 1.5kg. My mom as a nurse from the Materno Infantil had been deeply involved in this method and had no doubts that it would work and I would survive. After I was able to breathe by myself she took me home and with the assistance of the program my mom and dad kept me on their chest at all time.
I have no doubt that it worked and that my chances of life would have been completely different in other circumstances. Trying not to sound a s s I was always a bright and independent kid, getting the best marks at every place I went and holding up my University degree at 19 years old (something odd in my family).
I cannot tell from a scientific point of view whether this works, but from my experience it totally did.
Yet, 30 years later, there is no better comfort than my mom hugs!
for cheap nfl jerseys Gray Matters, my weekly email newsletter
Although fairly lax about approving comments, I don’t have much patience for profanity and/or incoherence and/or spam.
Follow me on TwitterMy TweetsVirginia ElsewhereUprooted, a longform narrative published in MATTER, investigates the rapidly growing industry of genetic genealogy. Deep down, everybody wants to know who they are and where they came from. But what happens if you discover that everything you thought was true was, in fact, a lie?
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